{"id":181,"date":"2024-07-21T11:53:27","date_gmt":"2024-07-21T11:53:27","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dockerpros.com\/?p=181"},"modified":"2024-07-21T11:53:27","modified_gmt":"2024-07-21T11:53:27","slug":"what-is-a-macvlan-network-in-docker","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dockerpros.com\/es\/installation-and-configuration\/what-is-a-macvlan-network-in-docker\/","title":{"rendered":"A macvlan network in Docker is a type of network driver that allows you to assign a MAC address to a container, making it appear as a physical device on your network. The Docker daemon routes traffic to containers by their MAC addresses. Using the macvlan driver is sometimes the best choice when dealing with legacy applications that expect to be directly connected to the physical network, rather than routed through the Docker host's network stack.\n\nWith macvlan, you can assign multiple MAC addresses to a single physical interface, allowing multiple containers to communicate on the same network as the Docker host. Each container gets its own IP address and MAC address, making them appear as separate physical devices to the rest of the network.\n\nSome key points about macvlan networks:\n\n- They allow containers to communicate directly with resources on the physical network.\n- Each container has its own MAC and IP address.\n- They can be used in bridge mode (default) or 802.1q trunk bridge mode.\n- They require the Docker host's physical interface to be set to promiscuous mode.\n- They are supported on Linux but not on Docker Desktop for Mac or Windows.\n\nTo create a macvlan network, you use the `docker network create` command with the `-d macvlan` option, specifying the parent interface and optionally a subnet and gateway."},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00bfQu\u00e9 es una red Macvlan en Docker?<\/h2>\n

En el mundo de la contenerizaci\u00f3n, Docker se ha establecido como l\u00edder, permitiendo a los desarrolladores y administradores de sistemas crear, desplegar y gestionar aplicaciones en entornos aislados. Una de las caracter\u00edsticas avanzadas de red que ofrece Docker es el macvlan<\/strong> red<\/a><\/span>Una red, en inform\u00e1tica, es un conjunto de dispositivos interconectados que se comunican y comparten recursos. Permite el intercambio de datos, facilita la colaboraci\u00f3n y mejora la eficiencia operativa. More \u00bb<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> driver. This article explores the macvlan networking mode, its use cases, configuration, advantages, and potential drawbacks, providing a comprehensive understanding of how it operates and when to implement it in your Docker environments.<\/p>\n

Comprender las redes de Docker<\/h3>\n

Before delving into macvlan, it\u2019s essential to grasp Docker\u2019s networking concepts. Docker provides several red<\/a><\/span>Una red, en inform\u00e1tica, es un conjunto de dispositivos interconectados que se comunican y comparten recursos. Permite el intercambio de datos, facilita la colaboraci\u00f3n y mejora la eficiencia operativa. More \u00bb<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> drivers, each serving a different purpose:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Puente<\/strong>Por defecto red<\/a><\/span>Una red, en inform\u00e1tica, es un conjunto de dispositivos interconectados que se comunican y comparten recursos. Permite el intercambio de datos, facilita la colaboraci\u00f3n y mejora la eficiencia operativa. More \u00bb<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> driver that isolates containers on a private red<\/a><\/span>Una red, en inform\u00e1tica, es un conjunto de dispositivos interconectados que se comunican y comparten recursos. Permite el intercambio de datos, facilita la colaboraci\u00f3n y mejora la eficiencia operativa. More \u00bb<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\n
  2. Anfitri\u00f3n<\/strong>: Allows containers to share the host’s red<\/a><\/span>Una red, en inform\u00e1tica, es un conjunto de dispositivos interconectados que se comunican y comparten recursos. Permite el intercambio de datos, facilita la colaboraci\u00f3n y mejora la eficiencia operativa. More \u00bb<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> pila<\/a><\/span>A stack is a data structure that operates on a Last In, First Out (LIFO) principle, where the most recently added element is the first to be removed. It supports two primary operations: push and pop. More \u00bb<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\n
  3. Superposici\u00f3n<\/strong>: Enables containers across multiple Docker hosts to communicate securely.<\/li>\n
  4. Ninguno<\/strong>: Desactiva toda la red para el contenedor<\/a><\/span>Containers are lightweight, portable units that encapsulate software and its dependencies, enabling consistent execution across different environments. They leverage OS-level virtualization for efficiency. More \u00bb<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Each red<\/a><\/span>Una red, en inform\u00e1tica, es un conjunto de dispositivos interconectados que se comunican y comparten recursos. Permite el intercambio de datos, facilita la colaboraci\u00f3n y mejora la eficiencia operativa. More \u00bb<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> driver serves specific scenarios, but macvlan is unique in that it allows containers to directly connect to the physical red<\/a><\/span>Una red, en inform\u00e1tica, es un conjunto de dispositivos interconectados que se comunican y comparten recursos. Permite el intercambio de datos, facilita la colaboraci\u00f3n y mejora la eficiencia operativa. More \u00bb<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>, effectively simulating physical red<\/a><\/span>Una red, en inform\u00e1tica, es un conjunto de dispositivos interconectados que se comunican y comparten recursos. Permite el intercambio de datos, facilita la colaboraci\u00f3n y mejora la eficiencia operativa. More \u00bb<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> interfaces.<\/p>\n

    \u00bfQu\u00e9 es macvlan?<\/h3>\n

    The macvlan driver allows you to allocate a MAC address to a contenedor<\/a><\/span>Containers are lightweight, portable units that encapsulate software and its dependencies, enabling consistent execution across different environments. They leverage OS-level virtualization for efficiency. More \u00bb<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>, making it appear as a separate physical device on the red<\/a><\/span>Una red, en inform\u00e1tica, es un conjunto de dispositivos interconectados que se comunican y comparten recursos. Permite el intercambio de datos, facilita la colaboraci\u00f3n y mejora la eficiencia operativa. More \u00bb<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>. This approach allows containers to be treated as full-fledged red<\/a><\/span>Una red, en inform\u00e1tica, es un conjunto de dispositivos interconectados que se comunican y comparten recursos. Permite el intercambio de datos, facilita la colaboraci\u00f3n y mejora la eficiencia operativa. More \u00bb<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> devices, capable of having their own IP addresses, making it particularly useful in scenarios where containers need to be directly accessible from the external red<\/a><\/span>Una red, en inform\u00e1tica, es un conjunto de dispositivos interconectados que se comunican y comparten recursos. Permite el intercambio de datos, facilita la colaboraci\u00f3n y mejora la eficiencia operativa. More \u00bb<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/p>\n

    C\u00f3mo funciona Macvlan\n\nMacvlan es una tecnolog\u00eda de red que permite asignar m\u00faltiples direcciones MAC a una sola interfaz de red f\u00edsica. Esto permite que m\u00faltiples contenedores o m\u00e1quinas virtuales compartan la misma interfaz de red f\u00edsica, cada uno con su propia direcci\u00f3n MAC y direcci\u00f3n IP \u00fanicas.\n\nCuando se configura una interfaz Macvlan, se crea una interfaz virtual que se asocia a la interfaz f\u00edsica subyacente. Cada interfaz Macvlan tiene su propia direcci\u00f3n MAC y puede recibir y transmitir tr\u00e1fico de red de forma independiente.\n\nEl tr\u00e1fico de red se enruta a trav\u00e9s de la interfaz f\u00edsica subyacente, pero cada interfaz Macvlan act\u00faa como si fuera una interfaz de red f\u00edsica separada. Esto permite que m\u00faltiples contenedores o m\u00e1quinas virtuales se comuniquen en la misma red f\u00edsica sin interferir entre s\u00ed.\n\nMacvlan es especialmente \u00fatil en entornos de virtualizaci\u00f3n y contenedores, donde se necesita asignar direcciones IP \u00fanicas a cada instancia sin requerir interfaces de red f\u00edsicas adicionales.<\/h3>\n

    Macvlan networks operate at the link layer (Layer 2) of the OSI model, where they can bridge the gap between containers and the physical red<\/a><\/span>Una red, en inform\u00e1tica, es un conjunto de dispositivos interconectados que se comunican y comparten recursos. Permite el intercambio de datos, facilita la colaboraci\u00f3n y mejora la eficiencia operativa. More \u00bb<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>. When using macvlan, Docker creates virtual red<\/a><\/span>Una red, en inform\u00e1tica, es un conjunto de dispositivos interconectados que se comunican y comparten recursos. Permite el intercambio de datos, facilita la colaboraci\u00f3n y mejora la eficiencia operativa. More \u00bb<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> interfaces that are tied to the host’s physical red<\/a><\/span>Una red, en inform\u00e1tica, es un conjunto de dispositivos interconectados que se comunican y comparten recursos. Permite el intercambio de datos, facilita la colaboraci\u00f3n y mejora la eficiencia operativa. More \u00bb<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> interface. Here is a simplified view of how macvlan works:<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. \n

      Creation of a Macvlan Red<\/a><\/span>Una red, en inform\u00e1tica, es un conjunto de dispositivos interconectados que se comunican y comparten recursos. Permite el intercambio de datos, facilita la colaboraci\u00f3n y mejora la eficiencia operativa. More \u00bb<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong>: An administrator creates a macvlan red<\/a><\/span>Una red, en inform\u00e1tica, es un conjunto de dispositivos interconectados que se comunican y comparten recursos. Permite el intercambio de datos, facilita la colaboraci\u00f3n y mejora la eficiencia operativa. More \u00bb<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>, specifying parameters such as the parent interface (the physical interface that the macvlan will inherit from).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    2. \n

      Container<\/a><\/span>Containers are lightweight, portable units that encapsulate software and its dependencies, enabling consistent execution across different environments. They leverage OS-level virtualization for efficiency. More \u00bb<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> Connection<\/strong>: When a contenedor<\/a><\/span>Containers are lightweight, portable units that encapsulate software and its dependencies, enabling consistent execution across different environments. They leverage OS-level virtualization for efficiency. More \u00bb<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> is started on a macvlan red<\/a><\/span>Una red, en inform\u00e1tica, es un conjunto de dispositivos interconectados que se comunican y comparten recursos. Permite el intercambio de datos, facilita la colaboraci\u00f3n y mejora la eficiencia operativa. More \u00bb<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>, Docker assigns it a MAC address and an IP address that are part of the same subnet as the host’s interface.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    3. \n

      Gesti\u00f3n de Tr\u00e1fico<\/strong>: Red<\/a><\/span>Una red, en inform\u00e1tica, es un conjunto de dispositivos interconectados que se comunican y comparten recursos. Permite el intercambio de datos, facilita la colaboraci\u00f3n y mejora la eficiencia operativa. More \u00bb<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> traffic directed to the contenedor<\/a><\/span>Containers are lightweight, portable units that encapsulate software and its dependencies, enabling consistent execution across different environments. They leverage OS-level virtualization for efficiency. More \u00bb<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> is managed by the macvlan driver, allowing seamless communication with external networks while maintaining isolation from other containers on the same host.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      Creating a Macvlan Network<\/h3>\n

      To create a macvlan red<\/a><\/span>Una red, en inform\u00e1tica, es un conjunto de dispositivos interconectados que se comunican y comparten recursos. Permite el intercambio de datos, facilita la colaboraci\u00f3n y mejora la eficiencia operativa. More \u00bb<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>, you can leverage the Docker CLI. The following command demonstrates how to create a macvlan red<\/a><\/span>Una red, en inform\u00e1tica, es un conjunto de dispositivos interconectados que se comunican y comparten recursos. Permite el intercambio de datos, facilita la colaboraci\u00f3n y mejora la eficiencia operativa. More \u00bb<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>:<\/p>\n

      docker network create<\/a><\/span>The `docker network create` command enables users to establish custom networks for containerized applications. This facilitates efficient communication and isolation between containers, enhancing application performance and security. More \u00bb<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> -d macvlan \n  --subnet=192.168.1.0\/24 \n  --gateway=192.168.1.1 \n  -o parent=eth0 macvlan0<\/code><\/pre>\n
      En este comando:<\/p>\n