{"id":1244,"date":"2024-07-23T12:16:07","date_gmt":"2024-07-23T12:16:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dockerpros.com\/?post_type=glossary&p=1244"},"modified":"2024-07-23T12:21:35","modified_gmt":"2024-07-23T12:21:35","slug":"la-cache-de-compilacion-de-docker-es-una-caracteristica-que-almacena-las-capas-intermedias-de-una-imagen-de-docker-durante-el-proceso-de-compilacion-esto-permite-que-las-compilaciones-posteriores-sea","status":"publish","type":"glossary","link":"https:\/\/dockerpros.com\/es\/wiki\/docker-build-cache\/","title":{"rendered":"Cach\u00e9 de compilaci\u00f3n de Docker"},"content":{"rendered":"

Understanding Docker Build Cache: An Advanced Guide<\/h1>\n

Docker Build Cache es un mecanismo que mejora la eficiencia de Docker. imagen<\/a><\/span>An image is a visual representation of an object or scene, typically composed of pixels in digital formats. It can convey information, evoke emotions, and facilitate communication across various media. More \u00bb<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> El proceso de construcci\u00f3n se optimiza mediante el almacenamiento de capas intermedias de im\u00e1genes, que pueden reutilizarse en compilaciones posteriores. Esto permite a los desarrolladores evitar trabajo redundante, acelerando significativamente el proceso de construcci\u00f3n cuando se realizan cambios. Al aprovechar inteligentemente el almacenamiento en cach\u00e9, Docker ayuda a optimizar el uso de recursos y la gesti\u00f3n del tiempo, convirti\u00e9ndose en una caracter\u00edstica esencial para los desarrolladores que trabajan con aplicaciones contenerizadas.<\/p>\n

Arquitectura de Docker Build Cache<\/h2>\n

To grasp the nuances of Docker Build Cache, it’s important to first understand how Docker images are constructed. A Docker imagen<\/a><\/span>An image is a visual representation of an object or scene, typically composed of pixels in digital formats. It can convey information, evoke emotions, and facilitate communication across various media. More \u00bb<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> consists of a series of layers, each representing a change made to the filesystem. These layers are created as a result of the commands specified in the Dockerfile<\/a><\/span>Un Dockerfile es un script que contiene una serie de instrucciones para automatizar la creaci\u00f3n de im\u00e1genes Docker. Especifica la imagen base, las dependencias de la aplicaci\u00f3n y la configuraci\u00f3n, facilitando el despliegue consistente en diferentes entornos. More \u00bb<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>. Las capas se construyen en un orden espec\u00edfico, y Docker mantiene una cach\u00e9 de estas capas para optimizar futuras compilaciones.<\/p>\n

Dockerfile y Creaci\u00f3n de Capas<\/h3>\n

When a Dockerfile<\/a><\/span>Un Dockerfile es un script que contiene una serie de instrucciones para automatizar la creaci\u00f3n de im\u00e1genes Docker. Especifica la imagen base, las dependencias de la aplicaci\u00f3n y la configuraci\u00f3n, facilitando el despliegue consistente en diferentes entornos. More \u00bb<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> is processed, each instruction (like CORRE<\/a><\/span>\"RUN\" refers to a command in various programming languages and operating systems to execute a specified program or script. It initiates processes, providing a controlled environment for task execution. More \u00bb<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/code>, COPIA<\/a><\/span>COPY is a command in computer programming and data management that facilitates the duplication of files or data from one location to another, ensuring data integrity and accessibility. More \u00bb<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/code>, ADD<\/a><\/span>La instrucci\u00f3n ADD en Docker es un comando utilizado en Dockerfiles para copiar archivos y directorios desde una m\u00e1quina anfitriona hacia una imagen de Docker durante el proceso de construcci\u00f3n. No solo facilita la transferencia de archivos locales, sino que tambi\u00e9n proporciona funcionalidades adicionales, como extraer autom\u00e1ticamente archivos comprimidos y obtener archivos remotos a trav\u00e9s de HTTP o HTTPS. More \u00bb<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/code>, etc.) genera una nueva capa. Las capas son inmutables, lo que significa que una vez creadas, no pueden modificarse. Cada capa se identifica mediante un hash \u00fanico basado en su contenido. Si el contenido de una capa no cambia, Docker puede reutilizar la versi\u00f3n en cach\u00e9 de esa capa para construcciones posteriores.<\/p>\n

Comportamiento de la cach\u00e9<\/h3>\n

El mecanismo de cach\u00e9 de Docker utiliza un algoritmo espec\u00edfico para determinar si se debe usar una capa almacenada en cach\u00e9 o construir una nueva. Este mecanismo sigue el principio de \"invalidaci\u00f3n de cach\u00e9\". Si alguna parte del comando de una capa cambia, esa capa y todas las capas posteriores se reconstruyen. Este comportamiento permite que Docker sea tanto eficiente como predecible.<\/p>\n

Tipos de cach\u00e9 de compilaci\u00f3n<\/h2>\n

Docker admite diferentes tipos de cach\u00e9s de construcci\u00f3n que los desarrolladores pueden utilizar para mejorar sus procesos de construcci\u00f3n:<\/p>\n

1. Cach\u00e9 de compilaci\u00f3n local<\/h3>\n

La cach\u00e9 de compilaci\u00f3n local se almacena en la m\u00e1quina del desarrollador. Consiste en todas las capas creadas durante la construcci\u00f3n de im\u00e1genes en esa m\u00e1quina. Esta cach\u00e9 se crea autom\u00e1ticamente a medida que se construyen las capas, y puede utilizarse en futuras compilaciones. Sin embargo, es espec\u00edfica del entorno local, lo que significa que si un desarrollador cambia de m\u00e1quina o entorno, no tendr\u00e1 acceso a esta cach\u00e9.<\/p>\n

2. Cach\u00e9 de compilaci\u00f3n remota<\/h3>\n

With the introduction of BuildKit, Docker supports remote caching capabilities. This allows developers to push their build cache to remote repositories. Remote caching can significantly speed up builds in Continuous Integration\/Continuous Deployment (CI\/CD) pipelines by allowing multiple developers or CI\/CD agents to share cache layers.<\/p>\n

3. Cache Export\/Import<\/h3>\n

Docker tambi\u00e9n permite exportar e importar la cach\u00e9 de construcci\u00f3n. Usando el --desde-cach\u00e9<\/code> opci\u00f3n, los desarrolladores pueden especificar im\u00e1genes existentes o cach\u00e9 almacenadas en un repositorio remoto repositorio<\/a><\/span>Un repositorio es una ubicaci\u00f3n centralizada donde se almacenan, gestionan y mantienen datos, c\u00f3digo o documentos. Facilita el control de versiones, la colaboraci\u00f3n y el intercambio eficiente de recursos entre los usuarios. More \u00bb<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> to be used as a cache source for the build. This feature allows for more flexibility in managing build environments and speeds up builds by leveraging existing caches from other sources.<\/p>\n

Optimizing the Build Cache Usage<\/h2>\n

To effectively utilize Docker Build Cache, developers can adopt several best practices that will help optimize the way caches are used during the imagen<\/a><\/span>An image is a visual representation of an object or scene, typically composed of pixels in digital formats. It can convey information, evoke emotions, and facilitate communication across various media. More \u00bb<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> build process.<\/p>\n

1. Order Dockerfile Instructions Smartly<\/h3>\n

The order of commands in a Dockerfile<\/a><\/span>Un Dockerfile es un script que contiene una serie de instrucciones para automatizar la creaci\u00f3n de im\u00e1genes Docker. Especifica la imagen base, las dependencias de la aplicaci\u00f3n y la configuraci\u00f3n, facilitando el despliegue consistente en diferentes entornos. More \u00bb<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> can significantly impact cache efficiency. Instructions that are less likely to change should be placed higher in the Dockerfile<\/a><\/span>Un Dockerfile es un script que contiene una serie de instrucciones para automatizar la creaci\u00f3n de im\u00e1genes Docker. Especifica la imagen base, las dependencias de la aplicaci\u00f3n y la configuraci\u00f3n, facilitando el despliegue consistente en diferentes entornos. More \u00bb<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>. For instance, installing dependencies should come before adding application code. This way, if only the application code changes, the dependency layer can still be reused from the cache.<\/p>\n

# Efficiently ordering Dockerfile<\/a><\/span>Un Dockerfile es un script que contiene una serie de instrucciones para automatizar la creaci\u00f3n de im\u00e1genes Docker. Especifica la imagen base, las dependencias de la aplicaci\u00f3n y la configuraci\u00f3n, facilitando el despliegue consistente en diferentes entornos. More \u00bb<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> instructions\nFROM nodo<\/a><\/span>Node, o Node.js, es un entorno de ejecuci\u00f3n de JavaScript basado en el motor V8 de Chrome, que permite la programaci\u00f3n del lado del servidor. Permite a los desarrolladores construir aplicaciones de red escalables utilizando una arquitectura as\u00edncrona basada en eventos. More \u00bb<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>:14\n\n# Install dependencies\nCOPIA<\/a><\/span>COPY is a command in computer programming and data management that facilitates the duplication of files or data from one location to another, ensuring data integrity and accessibility. More \u00bb<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> package*.json en el directorio actual\nCORRE<\/a><\/span>\"RUN\" refers to a command in various programming languages and operating systems to execute a specified program or script. It initiates processes, providing a controlled environment for task execution. More \u00bb<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> npm install\n\n# Copiar<\/a><\/span>COPY is a command in computer programming and data management that facilitates the duplication of files or data from one location to another, ensuring data integrity and accessibility. More \u00bb<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> application code\nCOPIA<\/a><\/span>COPY is a command in computer programming and data management that facilitates the duplication of files or data from one location to another, ensuring data integrity and accessibility. More \u00bb<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> . .\n\n# Build the application\nCORRE<\/a><\/span>\"RUN\" refers to a command in various programming languages and operating systems to execute a specified program or script. It initiates processes, providing a controlled environment for task execution. More \u00bb<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> npm run<\/a><\/span>\"RUN\" refers to a command in various programming languages and operating systems to execute a specified program or script. It initiates processes, providing a controlled environment for task execution. More \u00bb<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> build<\/code><\/pre>\n
In the example above, if only the application code changes, the npm install<\/code> El paso puede almacenarse en cach\u00e9, ahorrando tiempo.<\/p>\n
2. Use Multi-Stage Builds<\/h3>\n
Las compilaciones de m\u00faltiples etapas permiten a los desarrolladores crear im\u00e1genes finales m\u00e1s peque\u00f1as utilizando m\u00faltiples FROM<\/code> statements in a Dockerfile<\/a><\/span>Un Dockerfile es un script que contiene una serie de instrucciones para automatizar la creaci\u00f3n de im\u00e1genes Docker. Especifica la imagen base, las dependencias de la aplicaci\u00f3n y la configuraci\u00f3n, facilitando el despliegue consistente en diferentes entornos. More \u00bb<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>. Each stage can utilize cached layers from previous stages, reducing the overall imagen<\/a><\/span>An image is a visual representation of an object or scene, typically composed of pixels in digital formats. It can convey information, evoke emotions, and facilitate communication across various media. More \u00bb<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> size and build time. <\/p>\n
# First stage: build the application\nFROM nodo<\/a><\/span>Node, o Node.js, es un entorno de ejecuci\u00f3n de JavaScript basado en el motor V8 de Chrome, que permite la programaci\u00f3n del lado del servidor. Permite a los desarrolladores construir aplicaciones de red escalables utilizando una arquitectura as\u00edncrona basada en eventos. More \u00bb<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>:14 AS builder\n\nCOPIA<\/a><\/span>COPY is a command in computer programming and data management that facilitates the duplication of files or data from one location to another, ensuring data integrity and accessibility. More \u00bb<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> package*.json en el directorio actual\nCORRE<\/a><\/span>\"RUN\" refers to a command in various programming languages and operating systems to execute a specified program or script. It initiates processes, providing a controlled environment for task execution. More \u00bb<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> npm install\nCOPIA<\/a><\/span>COPY is a command in computer programming and data management that facilitates the duplication of files or data from one location to another, ensuring data integrity and accessibility. More \u00bb<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> . .\nCORRE<\/a><\/span>\"RUN\" refers to a command in various programming languages and operating systems to execute a specified program or script. It initiates processes, providing a controlled environment for task execution. More \u00bb<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> npm run<\/a><\/span>\"RUN\" refers to a command in various programming languages and operating systems to execute a specified program or script. It initiates processes, providing a controlled environment for task execution. More \u00bb<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> build\n\n# Second stage: create the final image\nFROM nginx:alpine\n\nCOPIA<\/a><\/span>COPY is a command in computer programming and data management that facilitates the duplication of files or data from one location to another, ensuring data integrity and accessibility. More \u00bb<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> --from=builder \/app\/build \/usr\/share\/nginx\/html<\/code><\/pre>\n
With this approach, if the application code changes, only the build stage needs to be rebuilt, while the final imagen<\/a><\/span>An image is a visual representation of an object or scene, typically composed of pixels in digital formats. It can convey information, evoke emotions, and facilitate communication across various media. More \u00bb<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> can still benefit from the cached layers of the base imagen<\/a><\/span>An image is a visual representation of an object or scene, typically composed of pixels in digital formats. It can convey information, evoke emotions, and facilitate communication across various media. More \u00bb<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>.<\/p>\n
3. Utilize BuildKit<\/h3>\n
Docker BuildKit introduces more advanced caching and parallel execution features. To enable BuildKit, set the environment variable DOCKER_BUILDKIT=1<\/code>. With BuildKit, developers can take advantage of features like cache import\/export, automatic layer squashing, and build secrets.<\/p>\n
4. Evita capas innecesarias\n\nEn la mayor\u00eda de los casos, no necesitas m\u00e1s de una capa de ropa. Si hace fr\u00edo, ponte una chaqueta o un su\u00e9ter encima de tu camisa. Si hace calor, qu\u00edtate la chaqueta o el su\u00e9ter. No necesitas una camisa, un su\u00e9ter, una chaqueta y un abrigo. Eso es demasiado.\n\nSi hace mucho fr\u00edo, puedes usar una camiseta de manga larga debajo de tu camisa. Pero no necesitas una camiseta, una camisa de manga larga, un su\u00e9ter, una chaqueta y un abrigo. Eso es demasiado.\n\nSi hace mucho calor, puedes usar una camiseta sin mangas debajo de tu camisa. Pero no necesitas una camiseta sin mangas, una camisa, un su\u00e9ter, una chaqueta y un abrigo. Eso es demasiado.\n\nEn resumen, no necesitas m\u00e1s de una capa de ropa. Si hace fr\u00edo, ponte una chaqueta o un su\u00e9ter encima de tu camisa. Si hace calor, qu\u00edtate la chaqueta o el su\u00e9ter.<\/h3>\n
Each command in the Dockerfile<\/a><\/span>Un Dockerfile es un script que contiene una serie de instrucciones para automatizar la creaci\u00f3n de im\u00e1genes Docker. Especifica la imagen base, las dependencias de la aplicaci\u00f3n y la configuraci\u00f3n, facilitando el despliegue consistente en diferentes entornos. More \u00bb<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> creates a new layer. By minimizing the number of commands, you can reduce the total layer count, which can improve cache performance. Grouping commands using &&<\/code> puede ayudar a lograr esto.<\/p>\n
# Instead of multiple CORRE<\/a><\/span>\"RUN\" refers to a command in various programming languages and operating systems to execute a specified program or script. It initiates processes, providing a controlled environment for task execution. More \u00bb<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> commands\nCORRE<\/a><\/span>\"RUN\" refers to a command in various programming languages and operating systems to execute a specified program or script. It initiates processes, providing a controlled environment for task execution. More \u00bb<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> apt-get update && apt-get install -y \n  package1 \n  package2 \n  package3<\/code><\/pre>\n
Reducir el n\u00famero de capas minimiza la cantidad de datos que necesitan ser almacenados en cach\u00e9 y acelera el proceso de construcci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n
5. Use --no-cache<\/code> estrat\u00e9gicamente<\/h3>\n
Aunque las cach\u00e9s son \u00fatiles, hay ocasiones en las que es posible que desees forzar una reconstrucci\u00f3n. Usando el --no-cache<\/code> option when building an imagen<\/a><\/span>An image is a visual representation of an object or scene, typically composed of pixels in digital formats. It can convey information, evoke emotions, and facilitate communication across various media. More \u00bb<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span> ensures that no cached layers are used. This can be helpful for debugging or ensuring that you have the latest versions of dependencies.<\/p>\n
Diagn\u00f3stico de problemas en el cach\u00e9 de compilaci\u00f3n<\/h2>\n
A pesar de los mejores esfuerzos, pueden surgir problemas con el cach\u00e9 de compilaci\u00f3n. Diagnosticar estos problemas puede ser crucial para mantener procesos de compilaci\u00f3n eficientes.<\/p>\n
1. Build Cache Misses<\/h3>\n
Un problema com\u00fan es experimentar fallos de cach\u00e9, donde Docker decide reconstruir capas que esperabas que estuvieran cacheadas. Esto suele ocurrir cuando:<\/p>\n